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Further, we illustrate the generation and characteristics of standardized organoids as well as membrane-based 3D in vitro models in bladder cancer research. We discuss the technical aspects and review the initial successes of molecular analyses in the three major urologic tumor entities: urinary bladder carcinoma (BCa), prostate carcinoma (PCa), and renal cell carcinoma (RCC).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T08:05:40Z","timestamp":1679904340000},"page":"6232","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["3D Tumor Models in Urology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2484-6994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jochen","family":"Neuhaus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Research Laboratory, University Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0124-4878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Rabien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charit\u00e9 Mitte, Charit\u00e9platz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany"}]},{"given":"Annabell","family":"Reinhold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Research Laboratory, University Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Koehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charit\u00e9 Mitte, Charit\u00e9platz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany"}]},{"given":"Mandy","family":"Berndt-Paetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Research Laboratory, University Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2007.06795.x","article-title":"Differentiation potential of urothelium from patients with benign bladder dysfunction","volume":"99","author":"Southgate","year":"2007","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2008.03.068","article-title":"Generation of a Functional, Differentiated Porcine Urothelial Tissue In Vitro","volume":"54","author":"Turner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. 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