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In order to decide to what extent these negative effects can be accepted, it is necessary to measure the difficulties in forming a coalition government and to quantify the effects of electoral thresholds on these difficulties. For this issue, we introduce a concept based on cooperative game theory which takes into account the distribution of seats in parliament and coalition statements of parties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/g14020032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T14:19:33Z","timestamp":1680272373000},"page":"32","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Measuring the Difficulties in Forming a Coalition Government"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9798-8083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Hiller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microeconomics, University Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Grundgesetz und Sperrklausel: 30 Jahre 5%-Quorum\u2014Lehre aus Weimar?","volume":"11","author":"Antoni","year":"1980","journal-title":"Z. 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