uni-leipzig-open-access/json/fphy.2023.1124924

{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T08:26:23Z","timestamp":1691396783715},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Phys."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Magnetic order at room temperature induced by atomic lattice defects, like vacancies, interstitials, or their pairs, has been observed in a large number of different non-magnetic hosts, such as pure graphite, oxides, and silicon-based materials. High Curie temperatures and time-independent magnetic response at room temperature indicate the extraordinary robustness of this new phenomenon in solid-state magnetism. In this work, we review experimental and theoretical results of pure TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (anatase), whose magnetic order can be triggered by low-energy ion irradiation. In particular, we discuss the systematic observation of an ultrathin magnetic layer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at the surface of this oxide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphy.2023.1124924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T06:23:22Z","timestamp":1675232602000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Defect-induced magnetism in TiO2: An example of quasi 2D magnetic order with perpendicular anisotropy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Markus","family":"Stiller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pablo D.","family":"Esquinazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01328601","article-title":"Zur Theorie des Ferromagnetismus","volume":"49","author":"Heisenberg","year":"1928","journal-title":"Z Phys"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"035331","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.80.035331","article-title":"Defect-induced magnetic order in pure ZnO films","volume":"80","author":"Khalid","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys Rev B"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205306","DOI":"10.1103\/physrevb.84.205306","article-title":"Room-temperaturep-induced surface ferromagnetism: First-principles study","volume":"84","author":"Fischer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys Rev B"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"082406","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4913763","article-title":"Advances in methods to obtain and characterise room temperature magnetic ZnO","volume":"106","author":"Lorite","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl Phys Lett"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900623","DOI":"10.1002\/pssb.201900623","article-title":"Defect-induced magnetism in nonmagnetic oxides: Basic principles, experimental evidence, and possible devices with ZnO and TiO2","volume":"257","author":"Esquinazi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys Status Solidi B"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"073202","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/22\/7\/073202","article-title":"Magnetism of solids resulting from spin polarization of p orbitals","volume":"22","author":"Volnianska","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Phys Condens Matter"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3125","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200903891","article-title":"Dilute doping, defects, and ferromagnetism in metal oxide systems","volume":"22","author":"Ogale","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"074211","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/22\/7\/074211","article-title":"The strange magnetism of oxides and carbons","volume":"22","author":"Stoneham","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Phys Condens Matter"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4668","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2013.2255867","article-title":"Defect-induced magnetism in solids","volume":"49","author":"Esquinazi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Magnetics, IEEE Trans"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c09666","article-title":"Defect engineering of two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides: Applications, challenges, and opportunities","volume":"15","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000693","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202000693","article-title":"Can reconstructed Se-deficient line defects in monolayer VSe2 induce magnetism?","volume":"32","author":"Chua","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132404","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.73.132404","article-title":"Room-temperature ferromagnetism observed in undoped semiconducting and insulating oxide thin films","volume":"73","author":"Hong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys Rev B"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113201","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.79.113201","article-title":"Origin of magnetic moments in defective TiO2 single crystals","volume":"79","author":"Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys Rev B"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206002","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/21\/20\/206002","article-title":"Ferromagnetism induced in rutile single crystals by argon and nitrogen implantation","volume":"21","author":"Cruz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Phys Condensed Matter"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192512","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3592250","article-title":"Irradiation induced ferromagnetism at room temperature in TiO2 thin films: X-Ray magnetic circular dichroism characterizations","volume":"98","author":"Thakur","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl Phys Lett"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmmm.2006.05.014","article-title":"Magnetic semiconducting anatase TiO2\u2212\u03b4 grown on (100) LaAlO3 having magnetic order up to 880k","volume":"309","author":"Yoon","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Magnetism Magn Mater"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"037504","DOI":"10.1088\/1674-1056\/22\/3\/037504","article-title":"Defect types and room-temperature ferromagnetism in undoped rutile TiO2 single crystals","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin Phys B"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14366","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.1c00124","article-title":"Observation of room-temperature ferromagnetism induced by high-pressure hydrogenation of anatase TiO2","volume":"125","author":"V\u00e1zquez-Robaina","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Phys Chem C"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L355","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/18\/27\/L01","article-title":"Oxygen-defect-induced magnetism to 880 K in semiconducting anatase TiO2\u2212\u03b4 films","volume":"18","author":"Yoon","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Phys Condensed Matter"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227201","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.91.227201","article-title":"Induced magnetic ordering by proton irradiation in graphite","volume":"91","author":"Esquinazi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187204","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.98.187204","article-title":"\u03c0-Electron ferromagnetism in metal-free carbon probed by soft X-ray dichroism","volume":"98","author":"Ohldag","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123012","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/12\/12\/123012","article-title":"The role of hydrogen in room-temperature ferromagnetism at graphite surfaces","volume":"12","author":"Ohldag","year":"2010","journal-title":"New J Phys"},{"key":"B23","first-page":"45","article-title":"Basic Physics of Functionalized Graphite","volume-title":"Evidence for magnetic order in graphite from magnetization and transport measurementsSpringer International Publishing AG Switzerland)Springer series in materials science","author":"Spemann","year":"2016"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125009","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4971794","article-title":"Strong out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy in ion irradiated anatase TiO2 thin films","volume":"6","author":"Stiller","year":"2016","journal-title":"AIP Adv"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"014428","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.104.014428","article-title":"Toward a systematic discovery of artificial functional magnetic materials","volume":"104","author":"Botsch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys Rev B"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"014412","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.101.014412","article-title":"Titanium 3d ferromagnetism with perpendicular anisotropy in defective anatase","volume":"101","author":"Stiller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys Rev B"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2014.05.006","article-title":"Structural dependence of threshold displacement energies in rutile, anatase and brookite TiO2","volume":"147","author":"Robinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mater Chem Phys"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17004","DOI":"10.1209\/0295-5075\/81\/17004","article-title":"Origin of unexpected magnetism in Cu-doped TiO2","volume":"81","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Europhysics Lett (Epl)"},{"key":"B29","volume-title":"SRIM - the stopping and range of ions in matter","author":"Ziegler","year":"2008"},{"key":"B30","unstructured":"BotschL\n            EsquinaziPD\n            BundesmannC\n            SpemannD\n          2021"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2103360","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202103360","article-title":"Room temperature ferromagnetism of monolayer chromium telluride with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy","volume":"33","author":"Chua","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50591","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c11132","article-title":"2D magnetic heterostructures and their interface modulated magnetism","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Inter"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Physics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphy.2023.1124924\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T06:23:28Z","timestamp":1675232608000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphy.2023.1124924\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphy.2023.1124924"],"URL":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3389\/fphy.2023.1124924","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-424X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-424X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":["Physical and Theoretical Chemistry","General Physics and Astronomy","Mathematical Physics","Materials Science (miscellaneous)","Biophysics"],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]}}}