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{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T07:23:54Z","timestamp":1705649034336},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008678","name":"Universit\u00e4t Leipzig","doi-asserted-by":"crossref"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Resource Econ"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Wind power is a key for decarbonizing economies. Yet, wind turbines can produce negative environmental externalities. These include bird collisions and disamenities for residents. Setback distances for onshore wind turbines to settlements and bird nests are a common policy instrument to address these externalities. In this paper, we evaluate the cost-effectiveness of setback distances. We use a spatially-explicit model to investigate the social costs of different options for setbacks to settlements and red kite nests. In terms of social costs, we consider production costs and external costs associated with residents\u2019 disamenities and red kite impacts given an exogenously set wind energy production target. The model is applied using data for the German State of Saxony. Three key results are: (1) More restrictive setbacks may increase social costs. (2) Uniform red kite setbacks reduce social costs rather than uniform settlement setbacks. (3) Differentiated settlement setbacks for different settlement types lead to substantially lower social costs than uniform setbacks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10640-023-00777-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T04:01:48Z","timestamp":1684468908000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Social Costs of Setback Distances for Onshore Wind Turbines: A Model Analysis Applied to the German State of Saxony"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6820-1579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Reutter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Drechsler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Gawel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"777_CR1","unstructured":"50Hertz Transmission GmbH, Amprion GmbH, TenneT TSO GmbH, TransnetBW GmbH (2020) Marktwert\u00fcbersicht. https:\/\/www.netztransparenz.de\/EEG\/Marktpraemie\/Marktwerte. Accessed 6 Apr 2020"},{"key":"777_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2009.07.023","volume":"14","author":"NY Aydin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aydin NY, Kentel E, Duzgun S (2010) GIS-based environmental assessment of wind energy systems for spatial planning: a case study from Western Turkey. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 14:364\u2013373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rser.2009.07.023","journal-title":"Renew Sustain Energy Rev"},{"key":"777_CR3","volume-title":"Renewable energy projects and species protection\u2014a comparison into the application of the EU species protection regulation with respect to renewable energy projects in the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Belgium, Denmark and Germany","author":"C Backes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Backes C, Akerboom S (2018) The comparative report. In: Backes C, Akerboom S (eds) Renewable energy projects and species protection\u2014a comparison
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