uni-leipzig-open-access/json/00223433221075006

{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T00:26:37Z","timestamp":1700785597580},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,19]],"date-time":"2022-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655596800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008536","name":"Amazon Web Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PS_R_RS_FY2017_Q3"]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Peace Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article introduces a simple application of contest theory that neatly captures how Boulding\u2019s \u2018loss of strength gradient\u2019 determines the geographic extent of territory. We focus on the \u2018supply side\u2019 of territorial conflict, showing how the costs of initiating and escalating conflict over spatially dispersed resources shape the nature and scope of territory. We show that economies of scale in the production of violence and varying costs of projecting power at a distance combine to affect the intensive and extensive margins of conflict, and ultimately the geographic distribution of territory. Comparative statics analysis shows how the distribution of conflict and territory change as costs change, helping shed light on, for example, why new transportation technologies have historically led to a redrawing of territorial boundaries. We test and probe the boundaries of this model in two experiments varying the marginal costs of conflict over space and the fixed costs of entry. Increases in both costs interact to increase the probability of exclusive territories. The first experiment directly tests the theory in a static, one-shot setting that strictly matches the information conditions studied in the theory. The second experiment examines conflict behavior under conditions analogous to those in conflicts outside the lab: where no contestant knows the probability of winning, let alone the function determining that probability, and parties interact repeatedly. Median behavior closely tracks equilibrium predictions in all treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00223433221075006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T05:25:06Z","timestamp":1655702706000},"page":"209-225","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The supply side determinants of territory"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Jordan","family":"Adamson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, Leipzig University"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6495-0430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik O","family":"Kimbrough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smith Institute for Political Economy and Philosophy, Chapman University"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00223433221075006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0020818316000308"},{"key":"bibr2-00223433221075006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003055416000381"},{"key":"bibr3-00223433221075006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajps.12379"},{"key":"bibr4-00223433221075006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09692299408434268"},{"key":"bibr5-00223433221075006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022817613815"},{"key":"bibr6-00223433221075006","volume-title":"Frontiers: Territory and State Formation in the Modern World","author":"Anderson Malcolm","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr7-00223433221075006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/467306"},{"key":"bibr8-00223433221075006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/344800"},{"key":"bibr9-00223433221075006","volume-title":"A Theory of the State: Economic Rights, Legal Rights, and the Scope of the State","author":"Barzel Yoram","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr10-00223433221075006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022050700076531"},{"key":"bibr11-00223433221075006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2555490"},{"key":"bibr12-00223433221075006","volume-title":"Conflict and Defense: A General Theory","author":"Boulding Kenneth E","year":"1962"},{"key":"bibr13-00223433221075006","volume-title":"The Cartographic State: Maps, Territory, and the Origins of Sovereignty. 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