1 line
28 KiB
Text
1 line
28 KiB
Text
|
{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T21:41:33Z","timestamp":1697578893875},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Copernicus GmbH","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 108-2111-M-001-002","MOST 109-2111-M-001-004","MOST 110-2111-M-001-013"]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Atmos. Chem. Phys."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract. The Indochina biomass burning (BB) season in springtime has a substantial\nenvironmental impact on the surrounding areas in Asia. In this study, we\nevaluated the environmental impact of a major long-range BB transport event\non 19 March 2018 (a flight of the High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO; https:\/\/www.halo-spp.de, last access: 14 February 2023) research aircraft, flight F0319)\npreceded by a minor event on 17 March 2018 (flight F0317). Aircraft data\nobtained during the campaign in Asia of the Effect of Megacities on the\ntransport and transformation of pollutants on the Regional to Global scales\n(EMeRGe) were available between 12 March and 7 April 2018. In F0319,\nresults of 1\u2009min mean carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), acetone (ACE),\nacetonitrile (ACN), organic aerosol (OA), and black carbon aerosol (BC)\nconcentrations were up to 312.0, 79.0, 3.0, and 0.6\u2009ppb and 6.4 and 2.5\u2009\u00b5g\u2009m\u22123, respectively, during the flight, which\npassed through the BB plume transport layer (BPTL) between the elevation of\n2000\u20134000\u2009m over the East China Sea (ECS). During F0319, the CO, O3, ACE,\nACN, OA, and BC maximum of the 1\u2009min average concentrations were higher in\nthe BPTL by 109.0, 8.0, 1.0, and 0.3\u2009ppb and 3.0 and\n1.3\u2009\u00b5g\u2009m\u22123 compared to flight F0317, respectively. Sulfate\naerosol, rather than OA, showed the highest concentration at low altitudes\n(<1000\u2009m) in both flights F0317 and F0319 resulting from the\ncontinental outflow in the ECS. The transport of BB aerosols from Indochina and its impacts on the\ndownstream area were evaluated using a Weather Research Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model. The modeling results\ntended to overestimate the concentration of the species, with examples being\nCO (64\u2009ppb), OA (0.3\u2009\u00b5g\u2009m\u22123), BC (0.2\u2009\u00b5g\u2009m\u22123), and O3\n(12.5\u2009ppb) in the BPTL. Over the ECS, the simulated BB contribution\ndemonstrated an increasing trend from the lowest values on 17 March 2018 to\nthe highest values on 18 and 19 March 2018 for CO, fine particulate matter\n(PM2.5), OA, BC, hydroxyl radicals (OH), nitrogen oxides (NOx),\ntotal reactive nitrogen (NOy), and O3; by contrast, the variation\nof J(O1D) decreased as the BB plume's contribution increased over the\nECS. In the lower boundary layer (<1000\u2009m), the BB plume's\ncontribution to most species in the remote downstream areas was <20\u2009%. However, at the BPTL, the contribution of the long-range transported\nBB plume was as high as 30\u2009%\u201380\u2009% for most of the species (NOy,\nNOx, PM2.5, BC, OH, O3, and CO) over southern China (SC),\nTaiwan, and the ECS. BB aerosols were identified as a potential source of\ncloud condensation nuclei, and the simulation results indicated that the\ntransported BB plume had an effect on cloud water formation over SC and the\nECS on 19 March 2018. The combination of BB aerosol enhancement with cloud\nwater resulted in a reduction of incoming shortwave radiation at the surface\nin SC and the ECS by 5\u2009%\u20137\u2009% and 2\u2009%\u20134\u2009%, respectively, which potentially\nhas significant regional climate implications.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5194\/a
|