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In this work, we review experimental and theoretical results of pure TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (anatase), whose magnetic order can be triggered by low-energy ion irradiation. In particular, we discuss the systematic observation of an ultrathin magnetic layer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at the surface of this oxide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphy.2023.1124924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T06:23:22Z","timestamp":1675232602000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Defect-induced magnetism in TiO2: An example of quasi 2D magnetic order with perpendicular anisotropy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Markus","family":"Stiller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pablo D.","family":"Esquinazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01328601","article-title":"Zur Theorie des 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