{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T10:19:46Z","timestamp":1705918786426},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]],"date-time":"2023-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"operational program ESF Saxony-Anhalt WISSENSCHAFT Chancengleichheit with funds from the European Union"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Organotin(IV) carboxylates are a class of compounds explored as alternatives to platinum-containing chemotherapeutics due to propitious in vitro and in vivo results, and distinct mechanisms of action. In this study, triphenyltin(IV) derivatives of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (indomethacin (HIND) and flurbiprofen (HFBP)) are synthesized and characterized, namely [Ph3Sn(IND)] and [Ph3Sn(FBP)]. The crystal structure of [Ph3Sn(IND)] reveals penta-coordination of the central tin atom with almost perfect trigonal bipyramidal geometry with phenyl groups in the equatorial positions and two axially located oxygen atoms belonging to two distinct carboxylato (IND) ligands leading to formation of a coordination polymer with bridging carboxylato ligands. Employing MTT and CV probes, the antiproliferative effects of both organotin(IV) complexes, indomethacin, and flurbiprofen were evaluated on different breast carcinoma cells (BT-474, MDA-MB-468, MCF-7 and HCC1937). [Ph3Sn(IND)] and [Ph3Sn(FBP)], unlike the inactive ligand precursors, were found extremely active towards all examined cell lines, demonstrating IC50 concentrations in the range of 0.076\u20130.200 \u00b5M. Flow cytometry was employed to examine the mode of action showing that neither apoptotic nor autophagic mechanisms were triggered within the first 48 h of treatment. However, both tin(IV) complexes inhibited cell proliferation potentially related to the dramatic reduction in NO production, resulting from downregulation of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) enzyme expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13040595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T07:31:48Z","timestamp":1679902308000},"page":"595","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Triphenyltin(IV) Carboxylates with Exceptionally High Cytotoxicity against Different Breast Cancer Cell Lines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2178-6332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana","family":"Predarska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, Eberhard Leibnitz-Str. 2, 06217 Merseburg, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0749-8692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamad","family":"Saoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4032-2691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1335-0897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"L\u00f6nnecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5168-1000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Goran N.","family":"Kalu\u0111erovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, Eberhard Leibnitz-Str. 2, 06217 Merseburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4267-0603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evamarie","family":"Hey-Hawkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3029","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33587","article-title":"The ever-increasing importance of cancer as a leading cause of premature death worldwide","volume":"127","author":"Bray","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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