{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T16:01:48Z","timestamp":1703001708455},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GZ QU 311\/27\u20101"]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR\u201020\u2010CE92\u20100008"]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Geophysical Research Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The estimation of cloud radiative forcing due to aerosol\u2010cloud interactions, RF<jats:sub>aci<\/jats:sub> (also known as the first indirect effect), relies on approximating the cloud albedo susceptibility to changes in droplet concentration, <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> depends on the cloud albedo and droplet concentration, both of which can be observed by satellites. Satellite observations are often spatially aggregated to coarser resolutions, typically 1\u00a0\u00d7\u00a01\u00b0 scenes. However, on such spatial scales, the cloud albedo tends to be heterogeneous, whereas the <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> approximation assumes homogeneity. Here, we demonstrate that the common practice of aggregating satellite data and neglecting cloud albedo heterogeneity results in an average overestimation of 10% in previous estimates of the RF<jats:sub>aci<\/jats:sub>. Additionally, we establish a relationship between the magnitude of the bias in <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> and Stratocumulus morphologies, providing a physical context for cloud heterogeneity and the associated bias. Lastly, we propose a correction method that can be applied to cloud albedo gridded data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2023gl105282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T16:56:23Z","timestamp":1694710583000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spatial Aggregation of Satellite Observations Leads to an Overestimation of the Radiative Forcing due to Aerosol\u2010Cloud Interactions"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5618-9402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"Goren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Environment Bar\u2010Ilan University  Ramat Gan Israel"},{"name":"Institute for Meteorology Leipzig University  Leipzig Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2822-5303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Odran","family":"Sourdeval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 8518\u2010LOA\u2010Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosph\u00e9rique CNRS University of Lille  Lille France"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8013-5831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Kretzschmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Meteorology Leipzig University  Leipzig Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7057-194X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Quaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Meteorology Leipzig University  Leipzig Germany"}]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0442(2000)013<4042:iafbha>2.0.co;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2019rg000660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"Clouds and aerosols","author":"Boucher O.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0469(1994)051<3776:ipamce>2.0.co;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-4257(89)90108-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12674"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-22-641-2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1921231117"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2019av000111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-22-3303-2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2022gl101169"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2019gl085412"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GL078122"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2017RG000593"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-14-7291-2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-5331-2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-20-613-2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1617765114"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13372-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04068-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1126232"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0469(1987)044<1734:dotsot>2.0.co;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/jtech1712.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2000gl012051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2016jd026141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2015gl067070"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCoy I. 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